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Protectionists Can’t Get Their Stories Straight

Here’s a letter to the Wall Street Journal. (I here overlook the fact that, despite the paper that Greer cites in support of the proposition that foreigners ate most of the tariffs, the bulk of the empirical work on this matter shows the opposite.)

Editor:

Defending the administration’s tariffs, U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer endorses President Trump’s claim that foreign exporters bear much of these tariffs’ burden by lowering the prices they charge Americans (Letters, November 16th).

How odd. Greer repeatedly complains that Americans purchase too many imports. In September 2025, he lamented that “cheap goods flooded our market from countries like China.” In the same speech, he warned that “[o]ur addiction to imports contributes to the indebtedness of our country.” And testifying before Congress in April 2025, Greer insisted that America must stop foreigners from “using us as a dumping ground for their overproduction or their subsidized products.”

Yet Greer now boasts that Trump’s tariffs induce foreigners to lower their prices to Americans. Strange, that. The more foreigners absorb these tariffs by cutting their prices, the more they offset the tariffs’ protective effects, thus undermining the administration’s professed goal of discouraging imports and protecting American producers.

Also, because Greer has repeatedly asserted that foreigners sell goods to Americans at unfairly low prices, it’s peculiar that he now celebrates as a feature of Trump’s tariffs their alleged success at inducing foreigners to lower these already objectionably low prices even further.

Sincerely,
Donald J. Boudreaux
Professor of Economics
and
Martha and Nelson Getchell Chair for the Study of Free Market Capitalism at the Mercatus Center
George Mason University
Fairfax, VA 22030

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Some Links

Jacob Sullum describes how cruel and unjust the so-called “war on drugs” can be to people innocent of any serious wrongdoing. Two slices:

Eight years ago, Scott Hancock, then 28, helped a 19-year-old acquaintance, identified in court records as T.G., buy fentanyl. At her request, Hancock, who had been addicted to opioids for years, got in touch with his drug dealer, who gave him five capsules that he handed over to T.G. in exchange for $20. Then Hancock gave the money to his dealer. Because T.G. subsequently died from a fentanyl overdose, Hancock is serving a 20-year sentence at a federal prison in Illinois.

That was the mandatory minimum sentence under 21 USC 241, which prescribes penalties for drug distribution resulting in death. Although that law has been on the books since 1986, the dramatic increase in fentanyl-related deaths during the last decade prompted a surge in federal drug prosecutions involving overdoses, which rose by 44 percent between FY 2019 and FY 2023. Hancock’s case was part of that trend, and it prompted his mother, G.D. Hancock, a retired finance professor, to delve into the subject, resulting in a database that sheds light on what happens when the government treats accidental deaths as homicides.

So far, Hancock has identified 2,930 sentences in such cases since 2010. That includes 1,399 federal cases and 1,531 state cases, which rely either on laws dealing specifically with drug-induced deaths or on more general statutes addressing felony murder, “depraved heart” homicide, or manslaughter.

Sentences of 20 years or more were pretty common at the federal level, accounting for 37 percent of the cases, compared to 13 percent at the state level. The vast majority of the cases (84 percent) were resolved by plea deals. That is not surprising, given the potential consequences of going to trial. While the median sentence for defendants who pleaded guilty was nine years, it was 20 years for defendants who insisted on making the government prove its case.

Hancock’s tally is based on news reports, court records, announcements by state and federal prosecutors, her own “case files and research,” and “cases sent in by families, lawyers and researchers.” A separate database compiled by researchers at Northeastern University, drawn from news reports, includes 3,264 cases involving drug-induced homicide from 2011 to 2022.

These prosecutions are morally nonsensical. They treat people who voluntarily consume drugs as helpless victims of supposed predators who gave them the drugs they wanted. By similar logic, bartenders and liquor store owners should be held criminally liable whenever a customer succumbs to alcohol poisoning or the long-term effects of heavy drinking. The main difference is the legal status of the drug, which is arbitrary, politically determined, and historically contingent. And while illegal drugs pose special hazards, that is a result of prohibition, which creates a black market where product composition is highly variable and unpredictable.

…..

The official justification for these prosecutions is completely disconnected from the reality of the cases. “Deaths from illicit drugs, especially fentanyl, are at historic highs,” the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) said in a 2023 press release. Because the DEA is “committed to protecting Americans and saving lives by pursuing those responsible,” the agency explained, it aims to “make sure as many drug traffickers involved in those deaths as possible get an appearance in front of a judge.”

As an example of that strategy, the DEA cited Scott Hancock’s case, describing him as a “trafficker” who was “found guilty of providing the drugs that killed a 19-year-old woman in 2018.” Given the details of that transaction, it is hard to see the logic here. Sending someone like Hancock to prison for 20 years has nothing to do with “saving lives.”

The Editorial Board of the Washington Post calls for the repeal of the cronyist and economically destructive Jones Act. Two slices:

President Donald Trump made the right call on Friday when he extended a waiver of the Jones Act for 90 days. But the move deserves only two cheers, because the waiver itself has been severely watered down, undermining its effectiveness. The original waiver’s initial benefits to trade were so apparent that the case for scuppering the law itself has never been stronger.

The 106-year-old Jones Act requires goods traveling between U.S. ports to move on vessels that are U.S.-built, U.S.-owned, U.S.-flagged and U.S.-crewed. When war with Iran sent energy prices soaring, the Trump administration broadly relaxed those restrictions in March.

What followed was a successful free-market experiment. Foreign vessels completed hundreds of voyages that otherwise would have been illegal. The White House says the waiver has enabled an additional 90 million barrels of petroleum to move between American ports, including 27 million barrels of gasoline and 26 million barrels of crude oil.
But now government is back in the way. Under pressure from the domestic maritime industry, the Trump administration narrowed the waiver in August, replacing the broad exemption with case-by-case reviews. That bad feature remains in Friday’s extension. Before using a foreign vessel, a shipper must ask the government for permission. The Maritime Administration checks whether an eligible American vessel is available, and the Pentagon decides whether the proposed voyage qualifies.

Traffic slowed to a trickle after that change. Only nine energy cargoes moved on foreign-flagged vessels after Aug. 17 through early October, compared with more than 280 voyages during the preceding five months. “The preclearance process itself is slow and unwieldy,” Bloomberg News reported last month, “and frequent denials have led some companies to abandon pursuing approvals.”

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This is crony capitalism on the high seas. When a well-connected industry is taking on water, politicians keep competitors away and make consumers pay to keep it afloat. If an American vessel can move a product more efficiently than a foreign competitor, it should win the business. If it can’t, Washington shouldn’t rig the market in its favor.

Scott Lincicome tweets:

US Steel CEO re the Golden Share:

“The government has not stepped in and told us we can’t do this, we can’t do that.”

Very next sentence:

“We know what the rules are.”

(So, the government doesn’t HAVE to step in.)

Megan McArdle writes insightfully about Jensen Huang and his honeypot downfall. A slice:

In hindsight, his blasé attitude toward California’s recently defeated billionaire wealth tax ballot measure also looks suspicious. Sure, maybe he’s just an altruistic guy. But a tax that would threaten founders’ control of their companies, reduce returns on entrepreneurship and erode the concentration of capital in Silicon Valley sure seems like something the Chinese Communist Party would support.

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Quotation of the Day…

… is from page 48 of GMU Econ alums Scott Burns’s and Caleb Fuller’s forthcoming (in February 2027) book, Trade Wars: Why Freedom Trumps Tariffs [footnotes deleted; link added]:

What about the “disappearing” middle class? It is true that the American middle class is shrinking. But people in the middle class are moving up, not down. Economist Mark Perry points out that in 1967, a mere 9 percent of Americans were in the upper class, and 54 percent were in the middle class. By 2018, the upper class had grown to more than 30 percent of the population. Trade is a major reason America’s middle class enjoys the highest living standards in the world. One piece of evidence for that claim is the dwindling number of hours the average American must work to afford a host of common consumer goods. Indeed, if we look at real (inflation-adjusted) consumption, Americans are richer now than at any time before.

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Think Big! (Or Small!)

Here’s a letter to DC Council member Zachary Parker.

Mr. Zachary Parker, Ward 5
DC City Council
Washington, DC

Reason reports that you voted against allowing autonomous vehicles on DC streets in part because you worry that these vehicles will destroy jobs for human drivers.

Your principle, then, is that the purpose of transportation services is less to transport customers as quickly, safely, and inexpensively as possible to their destinations than to employ drivers.

If your principle is sound, you shouldn’t stop at keeping robotaxis out of DC; you should apply your principle more fully.

I propose that you introduce legislation that (1) prohibits any taxi or ride-share vehicle from carrying more than one person per ride, and (2) ends funding for Metro (after all, one Metro driver transports dozens or even hundreds of people, many of whom, without Metro, would use taxis or ride-share services).

Actually, as I think about it, even such legislation doesn’t do justice to your principle. I propose instead that you introduce legislation that prohibits all forms of public transportation other than rickshaws. Think of the resulting enormous boost to employment! You’ll be a hero to workers throughout the DMV!

Sincerely,
Donald J. Boudreaux
Professor of Economics
and
Martha and Nelson Getchell Chair for the Study of Free Market Capitalism at the Mercatus Center
George Mason University
Fairfax, VA 22030

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Some Links

The Editorial Board of the Wall Street Journal decries Democrats’ determination to enrich teachers’ unions at the expense of school children. A slice:

That didn’t take long. Fresh off their statehouse victories around the country, Democrats are promising to use their power to eviscerate school voucher and education scholarship programs.

“We will work tirelessly to repair the damage of the Texas voucher scam,” the state’s Democratic Governor-elect Gina Hinojosa declared after her victory last week. She’s referring to the education savings accounts that GOP Gov. Greg Abbott tirelessly championed.

The program provides parents an average of roughly $10,500 for private school tuition—roughly half as much as the state spends per pupil on public schools. Parents can also receive as much as $2,000 to home school their child. ESA spending is capped at $1 billion, which is less than 1% of K-12 public school spending in the state.

Democrats oppose the program because it offers parents a choice other than a failing neighborhood public school. Sarah Eckhardt, a Democratic state senator who was elected comptroller, voted against the ESAs and will oversee the program. She has called for more accountability and transparency, which is union code for using regulation to strangle the program.

Democrats also gained control of the Texas state house, which will give them more leverage to squeeze ESAs. Diego Bernal, the Democratic vice chair of the House education committee, told the progressive website ProPublica that “I guarantee that program is not going to be untouched, and it will be probably unrecognizable, if not extinct, by the time we’re done with it.” Is obliterating ESAs really what Texans voted for on Election Day?

Mr. Bernal also said that some Republicans who showed lukewarm support for ESAs may be willing to join Democrats and kill the program. Let’s hope not. Mr. Abbott backed primary challenges in 2024 to GOP lawmakers who opposed ESAs. Most of the challengers won, which suggests high levels of support among rank-and-file Republicans.

A Texas Southern University poll from February 2025 also showed broad electoral support for ESAs, including among 57% of black Democrats. But elected Democrats answer first to the teachers union that funds their campaigns than to black parents.

We Americans will soon be assaulted by the Democrats’ harmful and freedom-restricting policies (along with the intelligence-insulting justifications that will be offered for these intrusions) – a sad fate that my intrepid Mercatus Center colleague, Veronique de Rugy, blames on the chaotic and unprincipled Trump administration and its ardent cheerleaders. Two slices:

After the shellacking Republicans just took in the midterm elections, a common refrain among conservatives is that we should all be terrified of what comes next. Whether you get your commentary from X, Instagram, or friends on Facebook, you may have heard fear that the Democrats will vastly expand the size and scope of government, usher in socialism, or destroy Western civilization.

There is no doubt that a lot of bad, big-government policies are in store. But if the prospect of Democrats returning to power is so terrifying, why on earth did Republicans elect a president and vice president as controversial as Donald Trump and J.D. Vance? Why did they support so many policies in clear opposition to the promotion of a free and virtuous society? Did they think a majority of voters would enjoy the result?

You cannot spend years governing this way, adopting tariffs and other policies that raise the cost of living, defying a clear directive to lower prices from voters in the previous election, and then expect the fear of what Democrats might do to spare your party from accountability.

Start with the moment Trump’s 2024 voters began drifting away: April 2, 2025. On “Liberation Day,” the president displayed a chart in the White House Rose Garden featuring tariff rates calculated with laughably incompetent mathematics. He then proceeded to raise taxes on nearly everything we buy from abroad, including from allies and uninhabited islands.

It’s true that voters were told there would be tariffs. In fact, they were sold the theory that tariffs could solve every problem. What they got was a president who taxed importers at his whim based on how he felt on any given day. Americans quickly realized they were the ones footing the bill, not foreigners.

Everything was more expensive, from steel to food to luxury products and basic necessities. When a conservative Supreme Court ruled last February that Trump’s tariffs were not authorized by the statute he relied on, the president quickly doubled down by turning to another faulty statute.

…..

Vance now implies that the electoral drubbing happened only because of the war. That’s convenient. If the war explains everything, nobody has to ask about the failing populist promise that moving away from free-market policies will make America great again, or about how such a top-down system feeds corruption. Both are trademark policies of a MAGA movement that will presumably soon be led by Vance himself.

So yes, fear the Democrats. I certainly do. They’ll keep most of the tariffs, expand industrial policy, cheer the equity stakes, and run even bigger budget deficits—or worse. That fear should have mattered before so many Republicans chose to tolerate intolerable MAGA policies and behaviors.

Jeffrey Miron explains that “limits on high-skilled visas harm domestic, non-STEM workers.”

Reem Ibrahim reports the latest economically clueless – hence, economically harmful – move by the DC city council.

George Will is no fan of the new PBS documentary on crime in America. A slice:

The PBS series is silent about something known. Daniel Patrick Moynihan, the New York senator, on the post-1960s epidemic of births to unmarried women:

“There is one unmistakable lesson in American history: a community that allows a large number of young men to grow up in broken families, dominated by women, never acquiring any stable relationship to male authority, never acquiring any set of rational expectations about the future — that community asks for and gets chaos. Crime, violence, unrest, disorder — most particularly the furious, unrestrained lashing out at the whole social structure — that is not only to be expected; it is very near to inevitable.”

This might make a riveting PBS series. But do not expect one.

Scott Lincicome, in 2023, pondered U.S. air-traffic control.

David Henderson shares his 2017 review of William Domnarski biography of Judge Richard Posner.

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Quotation of the Day…

… is from page 163 of Stephanie Slade’s important 2026 book, Fusionism: Liberty, Virtue, and the Future of the American Right; Ms. Slade here writes of the results of the 2024 U.S. election:

Several book-length analyses of recent electoral data have suggested that cultural issues, not economic ones, have driven the incipient realignment. Working-class voters did not rush into the arms of Trump because they liked his protectionist policies; they fled the Democratic Party because they saw it as a bunch of radicals who had finally taken their militant political correctness too far.

DBx: I believe Ms. Slade is correct. Her take certainly squares with one that I came to have after talking with my siblings just before the 2024 election.

As for the results of the 2026 midterm election, these are explained, I believe, by Americans being unpleasantly surprised – indeed, shocked – by many ‘qualities’ of Trump 2.0. These include the fact that Trump 2.0’s tariffs are far higher, more widespread, and more erratic than those imposed by Trump 1.0, as well as the fact that voters didn’t realize just how destructive protectionism is. Also important is Trump’s character: In his second term, he proved beyond any doubt that he has few principles and no understanding of the American project.

Most Americans, I’m sure, remain opposed to DEI, wokeism, and the economic lunacy of today’s progressives. But most Americans also find intolerable the lunatic – and sometimes downright cruel – behavior of this Trump administration.

Americans mostly voted against Trump and MAGA, not for the Democrats and progressivism.

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Some Links

National Review‘s Dan McLaughlin continues to push back against Michael Brendan Dougherty’s insistence that the GOP’s midterm electoral drubbing was due pretty much only to the war in Iran. A slice:

The trade war was a war of choice: its scale global, its timing entirely determined by zealots in the administration without reference to external events, its purpose entirely economic, and its result to destroy the trust Trump enjoyed with the voters on one of his two signature issues (the other being immigration). Let us never make that mistake again. The last time the party enacted a major across-the-board tariff hike, Reed Smoot and Willis Hawley both lost their next elections, and the party didn’t taste power again for a decade and a half, and found the country’s political system changed irrevocably in the interim.

“You could hardly design an issue better to destroy Republican fortunes,” Michael claims about the war. In fact, if I was trying to perfectly design the destruction of a Republican coalition, I would go after the party’s brand for cutting taxes and lowering costs — a brand that has been central to its identity at the federal, state, and local levels for half a century. During that time, the party’s presidents have waged several hot wars and numerous cold ones. Some have been immensely popular, some roundly unpopular, some in between. And yes, wars that are badly conceived and barely explained are likelier to do political damage, as this one did. And yes, Trump pitched himself to voters as a dove at times in ways that no Republican president has done since at least the 1920s. But then, more than a few of our presidents in the past have found that events put the lie to their campaign rhetoric in that direction.

But the one thing that has been constant throughout generations of foreign-policy debates is that Republicans can’t survive raising prices on Americans to fill the government’s coffers. That’s what blew up George H. W. Bush’s coalition after a war in the Middle East drove his approval rating above 90 percent. Read my lips on that one.

Scott Lincicome reflects deeply on the likely causes of last week’s electoral slaughter of the Republicans. Four slices:

In the weeks between Donald Trump’s 2024 election victory and his 2025 inauguration, several journalists asked me to predict U.S. trade policy during Trump 2.0. The first thing I’d always say was some variation of what I told Dispatch readers around the same time: Yes, we should expect more tariffs (and more chaos), but it wouldn’t make political or economic sense for an administration propelled into power by inflation-weary voters to immediately start taxing coffee, bananas, energy, and other not-made-here necessities. A macroeconomically costly global tariff regime, therefore, was probably off the table.

I admit: I was wrong.

Last week’s election earthquake set off an inevitable scramble on the right to identify the cause. Most notable was Vice President J.D. Vance, who took to Twitter to declare that “the real reason we lost” was the Iran war, conveniently omitting any possible blame for the populist economic policies (tariffs, especially) that he champions. Others on the right did the exact opposite, blaming everything on tariffs while ignoring a war that many of them supported (at least initially). Both sides are wrong.

Exit polling data confirm that both tariffs and Iran—along with several other issues—drove last week’s election results. Determining each factor’s precise weight is a fool’s errand, especially at this early stage. Yet one thing is already clear: American voters again rejected the economic populism that’s been championed, in different flavors, by both the right and the left over the last decade. A “populist” economic agenda, it turns out, isn’t very popular at all—at least once voters get a real-world taste of it.

…..

But the data also show that the war was an accelerant, not what got voters’ economic fire roaring in the first place. As Phil Magness already detailed for The Dispatch, the administration’s weakness on the economy started with Trump’s tariffs, with voter disapproval evident in both last week’s exit polls and numerous surveys dating back to last spring.

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Tariffs were, in Magness’ words, a “millstone” around Republicans’ necks—largely because they so aggravated voters’ top economic concern: the cost of living. They are intended to raise prices—that’s how they protect domestic manufacturers, duh—and that’s precisely what they did: Several studies have found that Americans bore most of the tariffs’ economic burden in 2025; other studies show they had a meaningful effect on the overall price level last year; and numerous media reports detailed how tariffs motivated large importers and retailers, small businesses, and domestic manufacturers (e.g., Whirlpool) to raise their prices.

Tariffs also motivated the president and his team to spend much of the last year and a half insulting the very voters they needed. Trump first said that tariffs wouldn’t raise prices, then later defended those higher prices by telling Americans they didn’t need so many dolls and pencils. (He also called the word affordability “a con job by the Democrats” and “a hoax” last December.) Earlier in the year, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent assured us that “cheap goods” weren’t important. Voters noticed who was sneering at their desire to pay less for stuff—it was the guys imposing historic tariffs—and they reacted accordingly.

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The tariffs also, however, fed into two other voter concerns. As we’ve discussed, tariffs have a long history of fomenting cronyism, as companies jockey for exemptions and protections, and they did it again over the last two years: trade and tariff lobbying hit record levels, and numerous CEOs—American and foreign—traveled to Washington to win special treatment (often on live TV). Tariffs are also uniquely tied to “Tariff Man” Trump himself, who implemented them in his typically chaotic style and—as Dispatch readers know better than anyone — just likes tariffs and always has.

Scott Kaufmann has this sensible letter in today’s Wall Street Journal:

Yes, it was the economy that prompted Americans to vote Democratic. The principal factor driving voters’ repudiation of the Republican Party was tariffs. Even voters in rural Republican strongholds in Iowa, Texas and Kansas swung decisively away from the party that didn’t listen to them as global markets for farm products dried up because of border taxes and the president’s misguided attacks on our trading partners.

Republicans need to return to Ronald Reagan’s free-trade agenda.

Steve Davies draws an important lesson from Britain’s 1846 repeal of the cronyist, protectionist corn laws. A slice:

The arguments that were articulated and disseminated through mass meetings, pamphlets, literature and speeches were not primarily economic and aimed at policymakers. Instead, they were moral ones, and arguments about wider social and political principles. The argument for free trade in grain was always associated with and framed by wider ones about class power and the purpose of government.

Most notably, the League did not call for smaller or piecemeal changes, nor was it prepared to settle for that kind of measure. Instead, it always and consistently argued for the immediate and total repeal of the Corn Laws.

Eric Boehm reports that Trump’s immigration crackdown helped deliver Kansas to the Democrats.

GMU Econ alum Adam Michel is no fan of the CHIPS Act subsidies for building data centers. A slice:

Extending the CHIPS Act credit would also provide new subsidies for the AI data center buildout that lawmakers are otherwise trying to curtail. Efforts to limit data center construction through new restrictions or special taxes are economically destructive and should be opposed, but data centers shouldn’t be subsidized either. For lawmakers concerned about AI subsidies, the easiest thing they can do is let the CHIPS Act tax credit expire.

Alex Tabarrok writes insightfully about the wealth and political power of billionaires and millionaires.

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Quotation of the Day…

… is from page 40 the late Richard Posner’s 1981 book, The Economics of Justice:

Bentham never studied systematically any social or legal institution, English or foreign, contemporary or historical. He never tried to master the working principles of the institutions he sought to reform. Instead he deduced optimal institutions from the greatest-happiness principle and then tried to work out the details of their implementation. This is a mode of social research that breeds utopianism and its bitter cousin radicalism. Lacking an understanding of the real world to which his reforms must be fitted, the utopian reformer grows increasingly impatient at society’s failure to implement his ideas and proposes increasingly radical measures to force a refractory world into his imagined mold.

DBx: Yes. And such hubris isn’t monopolized by individuals conventionally classified as being on the political left. ‘Progressives,’ of course, are indeed slathered in this hubris – consider, for example, the dirigiste itch to seize tax the wealth of American billionaires. But such hubris is on the rise also on the political right. An example is Oren Cass’s belief that government (following Cass’s guidance, of course) can and should restructure the U.S. economy in order to make it appear and operate as Oren Cass has somehow divined it ‘should’ appear and operate.

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A Tiny Tale

A monster captures Townville and, possessing a cruel sense of humor, conducts a plebiscite in which the citizens of Townville can ‘choose’ – by majority rule – how they will all be killed: Burned alive at the stake or garroted. (“Remaining alive and unmolested” isn’t an option.) Not everyone votes, but many people do. When the ballots are all counted, garroting has 54.3% of the votes.

Naive enthusiasts for democracy proclaim that the people of Townville demand to be garroted!

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Some Links

Richard Posner – a giant in the field of law and economics – has died at the age of 87. Ilya Somin of GMU’s Scalia School of Law remembers him.

Also remembering Richard Posner is Dan McLaughlin. A slice:

Second was Posner’s fantastic capacity for work and talent for writing. He carried a workload much larger than the typical federal appellate judge, getting himself more writing credits as a result, while simultaneously writing more than 50 books and producing a nearly endless stream of scholarly articles, magazine articles, blog posts, and just about every other form of communication known to man. If he had lived longer, he might have joined TikTok. One of my favorite Posner rants was his 2003 book review of a biography of Justice William O. Douglas, whom he described unsparingly as:

one of the most unwholesome figures in modern American political history, a field with many contenders . . . a liar to rival Baron Munchausen. . . . Apart from being a flagrant liar, Douglas was a compulsive womanizer, a heavy drinker, a terrible husband to each of his four wives, a terrible father to his two children, and a bored, distracted, uncollegial, irresponsible, and at times unethical Supreme Court justice who regularly left the Court for his summer vacation weeks before the term ended. Rude, ice-cold, hot-tempered, ungrateful, foul-mouthed, self-absorbed, and devoured by ambition, he was also financially reckless — at once a big spender, a tightwad, and a sponge — who, while he was serving as a justice, received a substantial salary from a foundation established and controlled by a shady Las Vegas businessman.

The third, unfortunately, was Posner’s own conviction that he knew best. He was a genuinely great common-law judge, capable not only of producing concise, clear rules of law that made sense of the general drift of prior law even in areas with vast and sometimes apparently contradictory precedents, but also of situating them within a framework that encouraged commerce and human liberty. But the longer he sat on the bench, the more Posner grew unduly dismissive of a judge’s most fundamental duty in constitutional and statutory cases to follow the written law enacted by the people’s representatives. His mostly one-sided broadsides against his former Chicago colleague Antonin Scalia reflected poorly on Posner, who often wrote of Scalia in the same tone that Salieri used toward Mozart in Amadeus. Posner had gifts to equal those of Scalia, save for one: Scalia’s humility in the face of legitimate democratic authority and its traditions. There is more to law, as Scalia understood, than homo economicus.

Here’s one of my favorite observations made by Richard Posner.

Tosin Akintola reports this good news: “4th Circuit rebukes Trump administration for asking LinkedIn to turn over info on critics in the news media.”

The Editorial Board of the Washington Post tells of how Comrade Mamdani’s rent-control is already further depleting New York City’s supply of housing. A slice:

Roughly 1,600 buildings in New York with rent-stabilized apartments now have expenses exceeding rental revenue, according to the city’s Rent Guidelines Board. Meanwhile, the financing that keeps such properties functioning is becoming harder to obtain. Mortgage originations for buildings in which at least half the apartments have regulated rents fell from $27.6 billion in 2019 to $11.3 billion in 2025. Signature Bank collapsed during that period, and other lenders retreated as interest rates rose and government policies made owning regulated housing less attractive.

Iain Murray reminds us that U.S. history is filled with big tariff hikes quickly followed by big electoral losses for the hikers.

Jonah Goldberg rightly criticizes Oren Cass’s attempt to escape blame for damage that he and his economically clueless movement have helped to inflict on Americans. (HT Scott Lincicome) Two slices:

In Cass’ telling, the Reaganites and the new right are both “distancing” themselves from Trump as if this were some kind of reverse-jump ball, with both players plausibly equidistant from the line between them. “Success for either side,” he says, “will depend on finding a way to shed Mr. Trump’s toxic political baggage” as if both sides are carrying equal portions of that toxin.

This is political and philosophical nonsense. The political part is easy enough to demonstrate. The Reaganites, with a few convoluted and contorted exceptions, never claimed Trump. The new right carried him around like a frickin’ golden calf.

…..

And that points to the philosophical problem. Cass talks about Reaganism as if the ideas that broadly defined it were little more than a program of political necessity. He assumes that because his “ideals” change with political reality, everyone else’s ideals are equally mercenary, mercurial, and malleable. But Reagan’s ideals drew on something more than political expediency. We know this in part because he was espousing those ideals when they weren’t to his political advantage. We know this because he expressed these ideals privately in his diary. But most importantly, we know this because the ideals of limited government—personal and economic liberty—didn’t start with Reagan. They’re found in the seminal documents of this country going back to the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. They’re on display in the lives of Lincoln, Coolidge, and Taft, and in the works of generations of conservative scholars, journalists, and philosophers. Reagan didn’t invent that stuff, he drew from it. Reagan was a political giant, but intellectually he stood on the shoulders of greater giants.

Cass’ theory of politics is his theory of policy. He thinks experts—like him—can design the economy on a grease board, pick winners and losers, and be smart enough to Kobayashi Maru Hayek’s knowledge problem. Obviously, government can do important and useful things. Reagan believed that. Hayek believed that. Adam Smith believed that. But they also believed there were limits to what good the government could do and trade-offs even in the areas where government could do good. One rarely hears anything like that epistemic humility from Cass—or Trump. Of course, Trump is far cruder and dumber than Cass, but they both share the fatal power-of-positivity conceit that you can create the economic and political outcomes you want through will and rank assertion.

The story the new right folks used to whisper, but now increasingly shout, is that Trump was never anything more than the political equivalent of the Stay Puft Marshmallow Man in Ghostbusters—the form of the destructor they could use to smash the status quo so that they could claim dominion over the rubble. In the interim they thought they could guide their orange golem for their own ends. But Trump proved unguidable, so now they want to point at the wreckage they midwifed and proclaim: The Reaganites did it!

Wall Street Journal columnist Barton Swaim reflects on the recent electoral drubbing of Republicans. A slice:

Writing in these pages in 1985, Irving Kristol alluded to the political scientist Martin Diamond’s dictum that American democracy “is based on one key assumption: that the people are usually sensible, but rarely wise.” Readers can judge if the people acted either sensibly or wisely by licensing one form of chaos to restrain another, but that is what they did on Nov. 3.

The incoming Democratic majority gives no signal that it’s ready to play the part of rational, grown-up opposition. In ordinary times, an electoral victory by a minority caucus like the one congressional Democrats achieved last week would ensure the elevation of its leadership. Yet restive factions in both House and Senate hint at coming confrontations. In the House, the size of the far-left “Squad,” now dubbing itself the “Bloc,” has more than doubled, to 16 members, and has additional allies on specific radical items.

For his part, Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries, the only rational candidate for speaker, doesn’t seem inclined to waste time and votes pursuing an all-for-show agenda set by the Democratic Socialists of America—Medicare for All, a “transgender bill of rights,” abolishing Immigration and Customs Enforcement and so on. A pointless and bruising fight for the speakership, of the sort Republicans staged three years ago, may not happen in January, but the ideological and attitudinal differences are wider on the Democratic side than they were in the GOP in 2023. Don’t expect a display of sanity and cohesion.

George Will warns that reality will soon slap Democrats in the fact – and that Democrats will resist. Here’s his conclusion:

Climate change as a menace has been exaggerated, and as a political issue has never been salient. Fifty years of Supreme Court rulings have insulated political campaigns from speech-restricting regulations. The popularity of Medicare-for-all varies inversely with the understanding of it. Racial considerations in voting are rapidly receding.

Progressives should acknowledge all this. That will not happen.

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